宇都宮 由佳

Ongoing research concerning the lifestyle and food eating behavior of children/students has been conducted in northern Thailand since 1997. Three regions, urban Chiang Mai, rural Samoeng. and the mountain village of Bokao, linked together by a life route, have been chosen as survey areas in the present study. A Questionnaire survey, hearing, observation, etc. were used to collect data which were analyzed by such statistical methods as correspondence and cross analyses. The regional difference and school grade difference in formal daily meals within the respective regions were examined. Among the urban children/students, a high ratio of missing morning meals, eating midnight snacks, and snack-eating as a substitute for formal meals were observed. Furthermore, morning meals were made the lightest among the three formal meals. Eating alone by children, dining out, and eating bread were also recognized. In the rural area, the traditional manners and customs are still strong, not only in eating behaviors (e.g. eating glutinous rice) but also in other conscious actions. In the mountain village, the highest propotion of meals is eaten among those three areas, and home-cooked dishes are eaten as a family meal. However, the mealtime is the shortest, and it seems that their meals are very frugal. Children/students who miss morning meals often have a high level of irritability. Of those who eat night snacks, many also miss morning meals. Eating bread has recently become more widespread in Thai eating behavior and become very popular in the city. Children/students recognize it a kind of cake. Children/students who usually eat meals alone tend to eat bread, so eating bread might promote 'eating meals alone' in the future

2002年6月, 北タイの3地域 (都市, 農村, 山村) において, 児童・生徒 (511 名) に対し, 身につけたい意識・価値観13項目について質問紙調査を実施し, 地域・学年比較をおこなった.あわせて親が児童・生徒に身につけてほしい意識・価値観について都市と地方 (98名) で実施し, 1979年の結果と比較をし, それぞれ分析をおこなった.地域差は, 低学年ほど大きく, 高学年になるに従いなくなった.おそらく低学年では, 地域の文化がそのまま反映されているが, 高学年になると世代で共通する考え (常識論理的な考え方, タイ市民としてより広い観点など) が反映しているものと考えられる.伝統的な価値観は, 山村地域, 低学年, 地方の親で認められた.先進的な価値観は, 都市, 高学年, および都会の親で認められた.農村地域, 中2は, これらの中間に位置した.また, 児童・生徒は, 個人主義的な意識・価値観が中心であるが, 親はかれらに集団社会で必要な意識・価値観を身につけてほしいと考えていることがわかった.親の1979年と2002年の比較では, 上位4項目の内容は同じであるが, 順位に変化があった.「礼儀正しさ」は重視する率が顕著に減少し, 「責任感」や「根気強さ」が大幅に増加し, 意識や価値観が少しずつ変化しつつある.

Ongoing research concerning the lifestyle and food eating behavior of children/students has been conducted in northern Thailand since 1997. Three regions, urban Chiang Mai, rural Samoeng, and the mountain village of Bokao, linked together by a life route, have been chosen as survey areas in the present study. A questionnaire survey, hearing, observation, <I>etc</I>. were used to collect data which were analyzed by such statistical methods as correspondence and cross analyses. The regional difference and school grade difference in formal daily meals within the respective regions were examined. Among the urban children/students, a high ratio of missing morning meals, eating midnight snacks, and snack-eating as a substitute for formal meals were observed. Furthermore, morning meals were made the lightest among the three formal meals. Eating alone by children, dining out, and eating bread were also recognized. In the rural area, the traditional manners and customs are still strong, not only in eating behaviors (<I>e.g</I>. eating glutinous rice) but also in other conscious actions. In the mountain village, the highest proportion of meals is eaten among those three areas, and home-cooked dishes are eaten as a family meal. However, the mealtime is the shortest, and it seems that their meals are very frugal. Children/students who miss morning meals often have a high level of irritability. Of those who eat night snacks, many also miss morning meals. Eating bread has recently become more widespread in Thai eating behavior and become very popular in the city. Children/students recognize it a kind of cake. Children/students who usually eat meals alone tend to eat bread, so eating bread might promote 'eating meals alone' in the future.

In our ongoing research project concerning lifestyles and snack-selection behavior, the questionnaire surveys of children/students has been conducted in northern Thailand since 1997. Three regions, the urban Chiang Mai, the rural Samoeng, and the mountain village of Bokaeo, linked together by a communal information route, were newly chosen as a survey area of the present study. Regional difference arid school grade difference (primary, secondary and high schools) within respective regions were also examined. In the urban area, `keeping late hours' was recognized in the higher grades. The rate of `missing a morning meal' was higher in Chiang Mai and Samoeng. Inclination to dietary consciousness towards being overweight widened in the lower grades in the urban area. Meanwhile, this inclination can be observed in the rural higher grades, but surprisingly none at all in the mountain village. Regional differences were remarkable in the money spent on snacks, the variety of snacks taken, and the frequency of snack ingestion. In the snack selection criterion and behavior conducted by the correspondence and cluster analysis, Bokaeo occupies the most remote position, while Samoeng is rather close to Chiang Mai, following trends of Chiang Mai. It is to be noted that the second grade of the high schools in Chiang Mai shows progressive features.

現在の高齢者及び次世代高齢者のライフスタイルに差があることをふまえ, 家電の使用状況や問題点について調査し, 真のニーズを検討する. 40歳以上を対象に質問紙を行った. ビデオは, 約半数が使いこなせず, 女性, 高齢ほど率が高いが, 女性で, 若い世代ほど使いこなしたいという意欲はある. 活用を支援するサービスについて約7割が知らずほとんど利用されていない. 高齢世代は, 表示が見えない, 多機能を使いこなせないなどの問題指摘が高い一方, 次世代は, 細かい設定ができないなど機能の指摘が多く世代差がある. 次世代では高齢世代に比べ使用している機能が多種類である. これからの高齢社会へ向けた家電は, 使用支援サービスの充実と, 「見やすく, 押しやすく」だけでなく「簡単操作で多様な機能」が求められる

2001年に北タイの都市部, 農村部, 山村部で小5, 中2, 高2を対象に質問紙·聞取り調査を行い, 食生活とライフスタイルについて地域比較をし, 実態の把握と問題点を探ることが目的である. 朝食は, 都市部で欠食率が高い. 家で摂る児童·生徒がほとんどであるが, 高学年になるにつれ学校内が増加し, さらに都市部でその傾向が強い. 誰と朝食を摂るかについては, 地方では家族全員が半数を占め, 都市部では子供だけ, 一人でと回答する児童·生徒が多い. 主食は, 米類が主であるが都市部ではパン食がみられる. 就寝時刻は, 高学年で都市部ほど遅く, また夜食を摂取する率が高い. 夜食を摂取する生徒は, しない生徒に比べ就寝時刻の平均が約1時間遅く, 睡眠時間が短く, 先進国と同様な問題が示唆された.

In 1997, a questionnaire survey concerning needs of living information study with 50 items was conducted on 503 senior high school students. Characteristics about needs of living information study for senior high school students were separated and compared by their attributes and learning experiences on two axes, such as "study needs of living information contents" and "those of data processing of daily life". By the principal components analysis, five principal components were separated as the needs of living information study. Of those, three were concerned with contents about study needs of living information, and two were concerned with those of data processing of daily life. It became clear that the boy students and students belonging to the department of living science have been affected affirmatively on standard for needs of living information study. On the basis of the above results, the authors suggested new points of study contents, in order to introduce living information study to homemaking class for senior high school.

Aims of this paper is to investigate consciousness of senior high school students concerning an information society, and to make clear the influence of the consciousness towards the needs of living information study. In 1997, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 503 senior high school students. 23 items on their views of information life and 31 items on those of information ability were investigated. The data were examined by principal component analysis and multiple regression analysis. It became clear that the view of information life was deeply related to that of information ability, and the latter was more related to the needs of living information study than the former. In order to compose the contents of the living information study at a homemaking class for senior high school students, it was suggested that contents concerning the view of information life and those of information ability were required.

In our ongoing research project concerning lifestyles and snack-selection behavior, the questionnaire surveys of children/students has been conducted in northern Thailand since 1997. Three regions, the urban Chiang Mai, the rural Samoeng, and the mountain village of Bokaeo, linked together by a communal information route, were newly chosen as a survey area of the present study. Regional difference and school grade difference (primary, secondary and high schools) within respective regions were also examined. In the urban area, 'keeping late hours' was recognized in the higher grades. The rate of 'missing a morning meal' was higher in Chiang Mai and Samoeng. Inclination to dietary consciousness towards being overweight widened in the lower grades in the urban area. Meanwhile, this inclination can be observed in the rural higher grades, but surprisingly none at all in the mountain village. Regional differences were remarkable in the money spent on snacks, the variety of snacks taken, and the frequency of snack ingestion. In the snack selection criterion and behavior conducted by the correspondence and cluster analysis, Bokaeo occupies the most remote position, while Samoeng is rather close to Chiang Mai, following trends of Chiang Mai. It is to be noted that the second grade of the high schools in Chiang Mai shows progressive features.

筆者らは1992年から北タイの未電化村で,村人の意識・行動・生活価値観変化と共同体の変容に関して継続的な調査研究に取組んできた。1996年末の電化によるテレビの普及を契機に,大量の社会や経済に関する外部情報がテレビを通じて流入した。村人は先進地域の近代的な生活に強い関心を示した。やがて,彼らは便利な生活を実現するには,情報戦略を用いて多様な行動をとる必要があることに気がついた。同時に彼らは情報の重要性を認識した。彼らは能動的に情報を収集し仕事に生かすようになった。この論文では,初めに,日常生活,意識・生活価値観,情報化と情報対応行動,および経済活動に関して,電化前(未電化時)と電化後の実態を比較する。次に,情報化が村人の生活・文化をどのように変化・変容にさせたのかを分析し,さらに,10年間の追跡調査研究から情報の本質・特性の抽出を試みる。

As the first step in researching desirable images of household electric appliances in an aged society, this article deals with generation differences that exist. The data on the present senior citizens (65 years and above) were compared with those of the following generation (50-64 and less than 50 years of age). In 1998-2000 requirements as well as complaints of the three generations regarding their household electric appliances were investigated by means of questionnaire, interview and other methods. Their answers and opinions concerning function, operation, and construction as well as the labelled instructions and marks of various appliances are evaluated differently by the three generations. The difference was evident between the most senior category and the youngest category. The older generation takes a passive attitude toward a modern life dependent on electric appliances, while the younger generations show positive acceptance of the modern life; they are not hesitant to use multi-function appliances and foreign language seems part of their life. Those in the younger category are expected to continue to use the modern appliances, but they will get old. Considerations, therefore, should be given in designing new appliances, adequate height of products, easy-to-see switches and marks for aging physical conditions. It should be pointed out that the problems common to the three categories need to be solved as soon as possible. It is expected that multi-functional appliances will be further improved and easier to use by all generations in the future.

As the first step in researching desirable images of household electric appliances in an aged society, this article deals with generation differences that exist. The data on the present senior citizens (65 years and above) were compared with those of the following generation (50-64 and less than 50 years of age). In 1998-2000 requirements as well as complaints of the three generations regarding their household electric appliances were investigated by means of questionnaire, interview and other methods. Their answers and opinions concerning function, operation, and construction as well as the labelled instructions and marks of various appliances are evaluated differently by the three generations. The difference was evident between the most senior category and the youngest category. The older generation takes a passive attitude toward a modern life dependent on electric appliances, while the younger generations show positive acceptance of the modern life; they are not hesitant to use multi-function appliances and foreign language seems part of their life.<BR>Those in the younger category are expected to continue to use the modern appliances, but they will get old. Considerations, therefore, should be given in designing new appliances, adequate height of products, easy-to-see switches and marks for aging physical conditions. It should be pointed out that the problems common to the three categories need to be solved as soon as possible. It is expected that multi-functional appliances will be further improved and easier to use by all generations in the future.

筆者らは, 北タイで情報化と経済化の進展の影響による住民の意識, 行動, 生活価値観の変化や共同体の変容について, 1992年から継続研究に取り組んできた。対象の村では, 1996年末の電化を契機にテレビを通して外部の情報が大量に流入し, 村人の情報交換が飛躍的に活発になった。急速な情報化は, 村人の意識, 行動, 生活価値観も変えつつあることを1998-99年に本紙で発表した。今回の論文は, 最近のタイ社会および当該村周辺の生活環境の変化を踏まえ, 意識, 行動, 生活価値観を13項目に整理・追加し, 村人が現在どのように意識し, 電化前後でどのように変わったかについて調査し, さらにタイ社会の「価値観」に関する先行研究である河部論文(1997)の項目についても検討をおこない, 結果を情報文化論の視点から論ずる。電化後の現在, 高収入欲求, 高学歴志向, 労働観, 勤勉性などが村人の意識が高まった。一方, 意識があまり変化しない項目として, 愛想良く暮らすこと, 保守的な意識, 冷静な心, 仏教や精霊信仰等があげられる。生活向上のための高収入欲求の昂進を軸としてその実現手段に有効な項目, 関連性の密接な項目ほど変化が急激で, この軸から距離を置くほど変化が緩慢である。新しい生活情報の流入は, 高収入欲求の昂進させ, 手段的・直接的関係の強い意識・行動・生活価値観が大幅な変化をきたし, 変化した村人の新たな行動を媒介として村文化が変容する, という図式を描くことができる。なお, 河部論文の一部の項目は, 本調査の結果では妥当性が低いと考えられる。

A study on the snack-eating habits of children and students has been in progress since 1997 in the Chiang Mai urban area, Fang country town, and Samoeng rural area of North Thailand. As part of this study, the effects of information and economic development on the selection of four major snacks were surveyed by a mass questionnaire and interview in 1998. "Fast-foods" and "chocolate" were strongly influenced by the available local information. "Thai snacks" and "instant noodles, " and also "fast-foods" and "chocolate" were affected by the degree of local economic development: the former two items were easy to obtain anywhere, while the latter two were hard to get in local areas. The reasons quoted why chocolate and instant noodles are not eaten in Chiang Mai were "anxious about putting on weight" and "bad for health." These answers indicate the relatively new trend that has been observed in advanced countries. On the other hand, in Fang and Samoeng, a yearning for new snacks, e.g.fast-foods and chocolate, was recognized. However, it was difficult for the children and students in these two areas to obtain them, and the consciousness for maintaining traditions is still alive.

The purpose of this study is to examine actuality and its factors about "the needs to obtain information" (abbreviated henceforth as "needs"). Based on a pilot study, twenty three items were selected as living information which are required to support the daily activities of university students such as "education / study" and "job offers". The authors analyzed the factors forming the needs from two standpoints. One is attributed to the university students who are concerned with molding their identities and the other is the social conditions of regional life. In 1998, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 618 university students, 316 in urban Tokyo, and 302 in rural Akita. Regional differences were analyzed, and it was found that "education / study" was required by students in Tokyo while "job offers" was sought by students in Akita. As to the other items, little difference was found between the two areas, which may be explained by the well-developed transportation and communication networks. The total samples were divided into several pairs of categories, which are components of attributes such as male and female. The analysis of the samples in each category brought about a lot more regional differences; "education / study", "medical treatment" and "meals and cooking" were more important in Tokyo while "disasters", "job offers" and "speciality stores" were considered more important in Akita. This questionnaire survey shows that both the attribute of university students and the social conditions of regional life influenced the students in forming their needs.

筆者らは, 北タイで情報化と経済化の進展の影響による住民の意識, 行動, 生活価値観の変化や共同体の変容について, 1992年から継続研究に取り組んできた。対象の村では, 1996年末の電化を契機にテレビを通して外部の情報が大量に流入し, 村人の情報交換が飛躍的に活発になった。急速な情報化は, 村人の意識, 行動, 生活価値観も変えつつあることを1998-99年に本紙で発表した。今回の論文は, 最近のタイ社会および当該村周辺の生活環境の変化を踏まえ, 意識, 行動, 生活価値観を13項目に整理・追加し, 村人が現在どのように意識し, 電化前後でどのように変わったかについて調査し, さらにタイ社会の「価値観」に関する先行研究である河部論文(1997)の項目についても検討をおこない, 結果を情報文化論の視点から論ずる。電化後の現在, 高収入欲求, 高学歴志向, 労働観, 勤勉性などが村人の意識が高まった。一方, 意識があまり変化しない項目として, 愛想良く暮らすこと, 保守的な意識, 冷静な心, 仏教や精霊信仰等があげられる。生活向上のための高収入欲求の昂進を軸としてその実現手段に有効な項目, 関連性の密接な項目ほど変化が急激で, この軸から距離を置くほど変化が緩慢である。新しい生活情報の流入は, 高収入欲求の昂進させ, 手段的・直接的関係の強い意識・行動・生活価値観が大幅な変化をきたし, 変化した村人の新たな行動を媒介として村文化が変容する, という図式を描くことができる。なお, 河部論文の一部の項目は, 本調査の結果では妥当性が低いと考えられる。

A study on the snack-eating habits of children and students has been in progress since 1997 in the Chiang Mai urban area, Fang country town, and Samoeng rural area of North Thailand. As part of this study, the effects of information and economic development on the selection of four major snacks were surveyed by a mass questionnaire and interview in 1998.<BR>“Fast-foods” and “chocolate” were strongly influenced by the available local information. “Thai snacks” and “instant noodles, ” and also “fast-foods” and “chocolate” were affected by the degree of local economic development : the former two items were easy to obtain anywhere, while the latter two were hard to get in local areas.<BR>The reasons quoted why chocolate and instant noodles are not eaten in Chiang Mai were “anxious about putting on weight” and “bad for health.” These answers indicate the relatively new trend that has been observed in advanced countries. On the other hand, in Fang and Samoeng, a yearning for new snacks, e.g. fast-foods and chocolate, was recognized. However, it was difficult for the children and students in these two areas to obtain them, and the consciousness for maintaining traditions is still alive.

大学生の「ニーズ」とその要因を, 生活情報の種類と選択率を取り上げて, 東京圏と一地方都市の調査に基づいて検討した.内的要因として主体形成にかかわる属性, 外的要因として地域の有する生活の社会的条件という二つの視点から考察した結果, 次のような実態が明らかになった.<BR>(1) 両地域を合わせてみた場合, 選択率50%以上の生活情報の種類は, 生活の質を維持する「R : 地域・環境」, および生活の質の向上を目的とする「L : 余暇・文化」と「C : 消費・家庭」にわたっていた.<BR>(2) 地域比較より, 概して東京圏の大学生は, 「教育・学習」に関する情報を, 一地方都市の大学生は, 「求人」の情報を求めていることが明らかになった.他の項目では, あまり地域差が認められなかった.<BR>(3) 性別では, 女性では, 「C : 消費・家庭」の選択率が顕著であり, 男性では, 特に「スポーツ」の選択率が高かった.<BR>(4) 属性として, 専攻, 学年, 居住形態におけるカテゴリー別のサンプルに基づいた分析を実施した.全体のサンプルに基づいた分析に比べて, より多くの項目で生活情報の選択率における地域差を確認できた、これらは, PLIの活動領域である, 学ぶ, 働く, 遊ぶ, 費やす, 住む, 癒すなどの生活の社会的条件との関連があることを把握した.<BR>今回の調査の結果から, 「ニーズ」を形成する要因として, 大学生の属性と地域の有する生活の社会的条件が関連していることが明らかになった.<BR>今後は, 「ニーズ」の多様化の構造を明らかにする目的で, 生活情報の種類の組み合わせについて, 主成分分析を用い, 性別比較を中心に検討する予定である。

The results of a continuing questionnaire and interview survey in northern Thailand since 1997 on snack-eating habits of children and students are reported. Marked differences in the frequency for eating snacks by children and students and in the number of different snacks eaten were apparent in the three different areas tested; the Chiang Mai urban area, the Fang country town, and the Samoeng rural area. Children and students in Chiang Mat eat many different kinds of snacks, while those in Samoeng eat fewer types. The differences in snack-eating habits are considered to be the result of economic (allowances, availability, etc.) and sociocultural factors (regional culture, information, etc.).

筆者らは, 1992年から北タイで情報化と商品経済化が住民に与える影響や共同体の変容について調査研究に取組んでいる。調査対象の村では, 未電化時では外部情報をほとんど得ることができず, そのため稼得機会に恵まれなかった。電化後, テレビを通じて生活情報や商品情報が大量流入し, 口コミによる情報交換活動も活発化した。小論では, 急激な情報化が村人の意識・行動や生活価値観にどのように影響を与えたかについて情報文化の視点から分析する。村人は, 商品構買意欲を増進させた一方で農業情報に強い関心を示すようになり, 情報源や販売方法を多様化させ, 情報戦略をとるようになった。また, 電灯下での労働, 出稼ぎの増加, 内職など, 労働態様を変え所得上昇を図っている。生活価値観では, 他村への羨望の減少, 情報キーパーソン信頼度の低下, 子供が贅沢になることへの危惧の増加など大きな変化が見られる一方, 国王への尊敬や村の習慣・決まりに関して変化は見られない。急激な情報化は, 意識・行動と生活価値観が同時・並行的に変化し, 相互に影響しあっていることが認められた。

This paper is an analysis of research concerning the diffusion of durable consumer goods in the village of Angkhai in northern Thailand. The questionnaire surveys were held twice at the pro-electrification (Oct. 1996) and post-electrification (Oct. 1997) for a comparison of diffusion. In addition the surveys were also held in the neighboring village of Omlong (electrified) at the same point over a specific period of time for the purpose of comparison between two villages. The diffusion of durable consumer goods of Angkhai is noticeably grown after the the electrification. It is higher than in Omlong, and obviously influenced by the electrification. A gas stove and sewing machine, though they are not concerned with the electric power sttpply to the village, have shown a high growth of diffusion. It might be an indication of villagers' intentions to acquire a decent life with the opportunity of present electrification.

児童・生徒の間食を選ぶ行動を通して, 北タイにおける地域差を明らかにするため, 都市部のチェンマイ, 郊外の町ファーン, 農村部のサムーンで, アンケート, ヒヤリング等の調査を実施した.調査結果は, 家政学, 統計学, 社会学等の方法論を用いて分析した.その結果は以下のとおりである.<BR>(1) 間食の出現率合計や1人あたりの間食の種類数で, チェンマイが最も多く, 次いでファーン, サムーンの順となり, 顕著な地域差があることが認められた.<BR>(2) チェンマイの児童・生徒は, 多様な種類の間食を食べているのに対し, サムーンの児童・生徒は, 種類も少なく, よく食べる間食とそうでない間食とに2極化することが認められた.<BR>(3) 各地域の出現率を高い順位に並べたところ, 高い順位 (果物, 牛乳など) と低い順位 (ゼリー・グミとスルメ) の間食は, 地域間で同じであることが分かった.また, 中間的な順位を占める間食 (ファーストフード, 炭酸飲料, チョコレート, タイおやつなど) は, 地域によって異なっていた.<BR>(4) 各間食の出現率の地域比較において, 五つのパターンが認められた.<BR>(5) これらの地域差の生じる要因は, まず経済的要因として, 児童・生徒の小遣いの多少, 販売価格, 販売店の有無・多寡, 販売方法などである.つぎに社会・文化的要因として, チェンマイの欧米志向と新奇性・積極性, ファーンの自己完結性と保守性, サムーンの貧困性と消極性などの地域特性と, 情報量 (テレビCM, 友人からの情報など) の地域差等があげられる.各間食に対して, それぞれの要因の影響の強弱や組合せが異なることによって, 間食を摂る行動に地域差が生じたと考えられる.

This paper is an analysis of research concerning the diffusion of durable consumer goods in the village of Angkhai in northern Thailand. The questionnaire surveys were held twice at the pro-electrification (Oct. 1996) and post-electrification (Oct. 1997) for a comparison of diffusion. In addition the surveys were also held in the neighboring village of Omlong (electrified) at the same point over a specific period of time for the purpose of comparison between two villages.<BR>The diffusion of durable consumer goods of Angkhai is noticeably grown after the the electrification. It is higher than in Omlong, and obviously influenced by the electrification. A gas stove and sewing machine, though they are not concerned with the electric power supply to the village, have shown a high growth of diffusion. It might be an indication of villagers' intentions to acquire a decent life with the opportunity of present electrification.

筆者らは, 1992年以来, 北タイのある農村で情報化が村人と共同体に与える影響と彼らの意識, 行動, 生活価値観などの変容について継続研究を行っている。この村は, 情報流入が極く少量であったが, 1996年末の電化によるテレビの普及を契機に, 爆発的に情報が流入し, 人類の情報に対する歴史的変化の縮図の様相を呈している。電化後1年半経過した最近(1998年5月)の実態の分析結果を以下に示す。情報受信の総件数は, 電化半年後に比べ増加し, 特に口コミの増加が顕著であり, テレビやラジオから新聞・雑誌へのメディア選択の拡大がみられる。受信内容としては村外情報が増加し, 経済・景気, エイズ・衛生, 王室関連など顕著で, 生活商品, ファッションなどが登場して村人の関心領域の拡大を示した。さらに, 「情報」に対する理解や認識が村人に形成されつつあること, 外部情報を積極的に取り入れ商人との売買交渉で対抗するようになったこと, 人の家族の移動が活発になってきたこと, 就労形態・方法や生活価値観に変化がみられること, 周囲の村との所得格差が解消しつつあること, 他方, 村人の一部に情報化に対する拒否反応・過剰適応の存在などが観察された。